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The Chlamydiales

Chlamydia Chlamydophila Clavichlamydia Parachlamydia Protochlamydia Criblamydia Neochlamydia Waddlia Simkania Fritschea Piscichlamydia

Introduction, Classification / Taxonomy, Evolution, Identification.

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  Introduction / History
  Chlamydiales family tree
 
Classification
  Taxonomy from 1999 - 2008   (Mar 08)
  The Chlamydiaceae
   
   Chlamydia species
       Chlamydophila species
       Clavochlamydia
  The Parachlamydiaceae (Mar 08)
  Protochlamydia UWE 25 genome sequence
  The Waddliaceae  (Mar 08)
  The Simkaniaceae

      Fritschea bemisae & F. eriococci
  The Criblamydiaceae (Mar 08)
  Candidatus Rhabdochlamydia
  Candidatus Piscichlamydia salmonis  & Clavochlamydia salmonica (Mar 08)
  Extreme diversity of the Chlamydiales

Chlamydiales evolution

Foreword

Introduction
  Part 1: Evolution of Chlamydiales
     The first intracellular Chlamydiales
     In the beginning, symbiosis or parasitism?
     The last common ancestor
     Divergence in Chlamydiales
     Summary for Part 1

 
Part 2: Evolution of Chlamydiaceae
    
Chlamydial genomic sequences and evolution
     Genome degradation during evolution
     The pathway from ancestral to modern chlamydiae
     The chlamydial inclusion as multicellular organism
     Radiation and divergence
     Role of Persistent infection
     FtsZ, peptidoglycan and cell division
     ATP / ADP transferases
     Nucleotide metabolism
     Folate metabolism
     Role of Type III protein secretion

  Conclusion: What do we know about Chlamydiales evolution ?

  Plant Chlamydiaceae relationships

Bibliography
  Evolution references A to K
  Evolution references K to Z

  Table 1 Classification
 
Table 2 Comparative genome sizes
 
Table 3 Comparative nucleotide metabolism

  Biology index

  Home page professional site


A diagram of the old versus the "new" classification at 1999
Karin Everett's explanation of the "new" classification, 1999
Dr Everett's new article on chlamydial taxonomy March 2008
The only family we know much about
Chlamydia trachomatis and its relatives
An increasingly important genus
Parachlamydia, Neochlamydia Protochlamydia by Matthias Horn
Important first sequence for an environmental chlamydia
Waddlia chondrophila 
and Waddlia malayensis
Simkania negevensis etc
Simkaniaceae in white flies
The proposed family Criblamydiaceae
Rhabdochlamydia, C. isopodii
etc
Epitheliocystis in fish
classic presentation by Meijer & Ossewaarde

James Moulder's classic, left just as he wrote it



Insoluble problems
The time scale
The original ancestor and first host
Endosymbiotes are more frequent
Common features of the Chlamydiales
Parachlamydia appear most divergent
Summary

Focusing on the one family about which we know most
Clues from the genome sequences
Non random loss of genes in intracellular bacteria
Molecular tinkering
Are chlamydiae social organisms?
Speciation
Persistence and evolution
The Chlamydiaceae are unique among bacteria
ATP transport in evolution
Chlamydiaceae are uniquely limited
The basis of sulfonamide sensitivity
Probably crucial to chlamydiae

General conclusions

Chlamydiae and the endosymbiotic origins of life [MEW]


The evidence base and web resources
The evidence base and web resources

Classification of the Order Chlamydiales (now superseded)
Bacterial lifestyle versus genome size
Nucleotide metabolism in bacteria with small genomes

Biology and Immunology of chlamydiae

Professional home page

 


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