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Biology of the Chlamydiales

Structure, Developmental Cycle, Interactions.

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  Introduction
Ultrastructure & Life Cycle
     
Elementary Body
 
    Reticulate Body
      Developmental cycle in pictures
     Developmental cycle regulation
      Nucleoid decondensation
     
Control of gene expression part I
     
Control of gene expression part II
      Attachment
        & Protein disulphide isomerase
      Entry Dec 07
   
  Lysis / Release
  

Cell interactions
      Membrane cycling
      Inclusion proteins
           & 14-3-3 transduction
      tts system
     Cell biology in pictures

The Chlamydial outer envelope
      MOMP: Intro and historical
     MOMP: recombination
     MOMP: T cell epitopes
     PorB
     Cysteine rich proteins
     Polymorphic membrane proteins Jan 08
     MIP
     Omp85
     Other surface proteins
      Lipo-oligosaccharide

The Chlamydial genome
     Introduction
     Chlamydial genomics
     Some surprises
     Plant genes in chlamydiae
 
    ADP / ATP Transport & energy
     Peptidoglycan & FtsZ 
     Plasmids
     Phages
     Protochlamydia amoebophila UWE25 genome Feb 08

Persistent infection
       
Persistent infection
       & development
       & role of interferons
       in the whole animal
       Human cases?
       & clinical significance

Basic immunology
       Mucosal immunology
       Antigen processing
       Role of cytotoxic T cells

Immunopathology
        Immunopathology
       Inflammation & repair
       Repeated infection
       Cytokine responses
       Virulence
       Apoptosis
       & Heat shock proteins
       GroEL in pictures
       Heat shock proteins & CMI
       Role of host genotype

Determinants of protection & pathology 
       
Introduction
      Contemporary immunological paradigms
      Immunological parameters controlling chlamydiae
      Anti chlamydial immune effectors
      Protection versus pathology
     Immunoregulation
     Protective antigens
     Cytokine and chemokine factors
     Costimulatory factors
     Antigen targeting
     Antigen delivery
     Vectors and adjuvants
     Bacterial vectors
     Cellular processing and delivery
     FcR mediated delivery of antigen
     Future perspectives
     Immunology review references

  Chlamydiales evolution
       Chlamydiales index 
        

[Biology section 45 files excluding evolution]

Ultrastructure of the infectious elementary body (EB)
The intracellular replicating form, the reticulate body (RB)
The developmental cycle
EUO, Hc1, codon usage, transcriptional regulation, environmental responses
Hc1-DNA interactions and MEP isoprenoid pathway
Presentation by Peter Timms & Sarah Mathews (32 figures)
Continued presentation by Peter Timms & Sarah Mathews (40 figures)
Chlamydial attachment to the host; GAG
Presentation by Wyrick, Raulston & Davis
Clathrin dependent and independent endocytosis
Release from host cells



How chlamydiae intercept cell membranes
The Inc proteins
Presentation by Marci Scidmore
Interacting with the host cytoplasm
Presentation by Dan Rockey


MOMP, B cell epitopes, VS 1, 2, 4 and serological classification
Inter and intra-genic recombination in ompA. Polymorphisms.
VS3 is important
Di-carboxylate specific porin
OmcA & OmcB. Model for the chlamydial outer membrane complex
PMPs
Macrophage infectivity potentiator
Surface exposed outer envelope protein of unknown function
Penicillin binding; glycopeptide and LPS biosynthesis
LPS structure, endotoxic activity, cytokines, toll receptors 


Introduction to genomics and proteomics
The chlamydial genome
Unexpected findings from genomic sequencing
Chlamydial genes and chloroplast evolution
Chlamydiae are reasonably energy self-sufficient
Chlamydial peptidoglycan synthesis
Chlamydial plasmids
Chlamydophila and related bacteriophages Ian Clarke
Twice the genome of the chlamydiaceae & a conjugation system!


What do we mean by persistent infection?
Relationship of persistence to incomplete development
Interferons, persistence, role in chlamydial organotropism
Evidence from experimental animal studies
Case reports
The clinical significance of persistent infection


The mucosal immune system; sIgA Tina Johansson & Nils Lycke
Chlamydial antigen processing by dendritic cells
CD8+ T cells and Cap1


Introduction
Importance of scarring and fibrosis
The role of repeated infection
Epithelial response to chlamydial infection
Relative virulence of C. trachomatis
Chlamydial regulation of apoptosis
Chlamydial Heat shock proteins
Karunakaran / Brunham presentation: Molecular biology of GroEL -ES
Role of CMI responses: a re-evaluation
Host genetic factors in chlamydial disease

Oct 2002 review by Joseph Igietseme and Carolyn Black, CDC, Atlanta [17 files].
Introduction: Why its important. Objectives of the review. 
Evidence for protective immunity
Key role of the TH1 system
Role of interferon gamma, antibody and ADCC
Pathology may be associated with a suboptimal Th1 response
Factors influencing the induction of protection
MOMP, POMP, PorB
IL-10 knock out mice are highly resistant
ICAM-1 is important
Targeting for effective mucosal immunity
Advantages and disadvantages of subunit vaccines
DNA vaccines. Virus vectors
Bacterial delivery systems
Processing by dendritic cells
Fc receptor-mediated delivery
Vaccines remain the best hope for long term protection
Hyperlinked immunology references

Review by Jim Moulder

 


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